Understanding Major Cichlid Groups
Cichlids come from different regions around the world, and each group offers unique colors, behaviors and care requirements. Two of the most popular groups in the aquarium hobby are African Cichlids and New World Cichlids from Central and South America. Knowing these groups helps you choose species that match your aquarium and thrive long-term.
African Cichlids
- Peacocks (Aulonocara)
- Haps (open-water and predator species)
- Mbuna (rock-dwelling, highly active species)
- Species from Lake Malawi, Lake Tanganyika and Lake Victoria
- Known for intense color and energetic behavior
New World Cichlids (Central & South American)
- Central American examples: Firemouths, Convicts, Jack Dempseys
- South American examples: Oscars, Severums, Angelfish, Geophagus
- Often better suited for planted tanks and mixed communities
- Wide range of adult sizes and personalities
Many hobbyists refer to these New World species as “American cichlids,” but grouping them by Central and South America gives a clearer picture of their needs and behavior.
