Description
Exasperatus Cichlid – Pseudotropheus joanjohnsonaeÂ
The Exasperatus Cichlid (Pseudotropheus joanjohnsonae) is a striking and relatively rare species of cichlid native to Lake Malawi, Africa. Known for its vibrant coloration and territorial nature, it is a beautiful addition to an aquarium for hobbyists experienced with African cichlids. This species is often appreciated for its unique appearance, marked by a vibrant blue body, and its engaging, albeit somewhat aggressive, behavior. Though it may be a bit challenging for beginners due to its territorial tendencies, it thrives in well-established tanks that mimic its natural environment.
Introduction
- Common Name: Exasperatus Cichlid
- Scientific Name: Pseudotropheus joanjohnsonae
- Size: 4.5–5 inches (11–13 cm)
- Lifespan: 6–8 years with proper care
The Exasperatus Cichlid is a medium-sized, colorful species that grows to around 5 inches in length. While it may not be as widely available as other African cichlids, it is highly valued by enthusiasts for its striking color patterns and dynamic personality.
1. Natural Habitat and Behavior
- Habitat: Native to Lake Malawi, the Exasperatus Cichlid inhabits rocky environments at varying depths, typically found in clear waters with moderate to strong water flow. It thrives in areas where it can graze on algae and small invertebrates, much like other members of the Pseudotropheus genus.
- Behavior: Pseudotropheus joanjohnsonae is known for its territorial nature, especially males. During breeding seasons, males may become more aggressive, defending their territory and displaying their brightest colors to attract females. Despite its aggression, this cichlid is generally peaceful towards females and other species that do not pose a threat to its space. They can, however, show aggression toward other males of their species and other similar-sized cichlids, so providing adequate space and hiding spots is essential.
2. Aquarium Setup
- Tank Size: A minimum of 55 gallons (210 liters) is recommended for a small group of Exasperatus Cichlids. A larger tank is beneficial to allow for proper territory spacing and to minimize aggression between males.
- Substrate: Fine to medium gravel is ideal for this species, as it replicates the rocky, sandy lakebed where they naturally dwell. You may also incorporate a mix of sand and rocks to create a more natural environment.
- Decor: Provide plenty of rocks and caves to mimic their natural habitat. Exasperatus Cichlids are rock-dwelling fish, and these structures allow them to claim territories and hide when they feel threatened. It is also recommended to provide some open swimming areas, as they are active swimmers.
- Water Conditions:
- Temperature: 76–82°F (24–28°C)
- pH: 7.8–8.6 (alkaline)
- Hardness: 10–20 dGH (moderately hard to hard)
- Lighting: Moderate lighting that simulates the bright, clear waters of Lake Malawi is ideal. Ensure a consistent day-night cycle to keep the fish’s internal rhythms intact.
3. Diet and Feeding
- Diet: The Exasperatus Cichlid is primarily herbivorous, feeding on algae and plant matter in its natural habitat. In captivity, you should provide a diet rich in vegetable matter, such as spirulina-based flakes, algae wafers, and blanched vegetables like spinach and zucchini. Supplement their diet with high-quality protein sources, including live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp or daphnia, to promote healthy growth.
- Feeding Schedule: Feed 1–2 times daily, offering only as much food as they can consume in a few minutes. Overfeeding should be avoided, as it can lead to water quality issues.
4. Compatibility with Other Fish
- Tankmates: Due to its territorial nature, the Exasperatus Cichlid is best kept with other species that can tolerate similar aggression. Good tankmates include:
- Other Malawi Cichlids such as Labidochromis or Aulonocara species
- Synodontis Catfish, which generally stay out of the cichlid’s way
- Non-aggressive Mbuna species that can hold their own
- Avoid: Keep this species away from other similar-sized territorial cichlids, especially those that exhibit similar behaviors. Males of the same species should not be kept together unless there is sufficient space for each to establish its own territory.
5. Common Challenges and Tips
- Aggression: As with many cichlids, males can be quite territorial, particularly during the breeding season. It is advisable to keep a ratio of one male to multiple females to spread the aggression and reduce stress. Providing plenty of hiding spots and creating line-of-sight barriers in the tank can help reduce aggression.
- Water Quality: Regular water changes (20–30% weekly) are essential for maintaining water quality. A powerful filtration system is recommended to handle the waste produced by these active swimmers.
- Breeding: The Exasperatus Cichlid is a substrate spawner, and males will display bright colors to attract females. Females will lay eggs on rocks or other flat surfaces, which they will guard until the fry hatch. The fry are mouthbrooders and will be protected by the female in her mouth until they are free-swimming.
Conclusion
The Exasperatus Cichlid (Pseudotropheus joanjohnsonae) is a stunning addition to any Lake Malawi aquarium. With its striking coloration and interesting behavior, it can be a rewarding fish for experienced aquarists. However, it does require careful attention to tank setup, water quality, and compatible tankmates. By mimicking their natural habitat, providing a balanced diet, and offering plenty of space, this species can thrive in a well-maintained aquarium for many years.
