Description
Due to prohibited species regulations, we can not ship azolla to the following states. ID, IL, IN, ME, MS, MO, SC, WI
Azolla caroliniana, 1/4 cup portion
Mosquito Fern – Azolla caroliniana
Introduction
Azolla caroliniana, commonly known as Mosquito Fern, is a fast-growing floating fern that is popular in freshwater aquariums for its striking appearance and water-purifying abilities. This tiny plant has small, delicate, bright green fronds that often turn reddish or purple under high light conditions, making it an attractive addition to planted tanks. Mosquito Fern is often used as a floating ground cover and can help control nitrogen levels in the aquarium, making it an excellent choice for aquascaping and maintaining a healthy tank environment.
1. Natural Habitat and Characteristics
Azolla caroliniana is native to North America and is commonly found in shallow, slow-moving bodies of water, such as ponds and wetlands. It floats on the water’s surface, with its roots dangling just below the surface. The plant’s tiny fronds grow in clusters and can cover large areas quickly. Mosquito Fern is known for its symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which enables it to absorb excess nutrients from the water and improve water quality. Under proper conditions, this plant can grow and spread rapidly, forming a lush carpet across the water’s surface.
2. Aquarium Setup
- Tank Size: Azolla caroliniana can thrive in aquariums of all sizes but requires enough surface area to float freely. It is ideal for small to medium-sized tanks but can be used in larger tanks as well with careful management.
- Lighting: Mosquito Fern requires moderate to high lighting to maintain its vibrant green color. In brighter lighting, it can develop a reddish or purple hue, which adds to its aesthetic appeal. Low light can lead to weak, pale growth.
- Water Parameters:
- Temperature: 65–80°F (18–27°C)
- pH: 5.5–7.5
- Hardness: Soft to moderately hard (3–12 dGH)
- Placement: As a floating plant, Azolla caroliniana should be placed on the water’s surface, where it can receive light and spread freely. It does not require substrate or anchoring.
- Nutrient Requirements: Mosquito Fern benefits from a nutrient-rich water column and can absorb excess nitrogen, making it an excellent plant for tanks with fish that produce high amounts of waste. It thrives in nutrient-dense water but will require regular water changes to prevent overgrowth of algae.
3. Care and Maintenance
- Growth Control: Since Azolla caroliniana grows quickly and can cover the surface of the tank in a short amount of time, it may need regular thinning to prevent overcrowding, which can block light from reaching other plants.
- Trimming: If the plant becomes too dense, you can remove portions to keep it manageable. It is an excellent plant for nutrient control, but overgrowth can impede water circulation.
- Propagation: This plant propagates naturally by producing small fronds that separate from the parent plant. These small clusters of fronds can spread throughout the tank or be manually relocated to new areas of the aquarium.
4. Compatibility with Tank Inhabitants
Mosquito Fern is compatible with most freshwater fish, particularly peaceful species that won’t disturb floating plants. It is a popular choice for aquariums with shrimp, small fish, or gentle tankmates, as the roots provide shelter and hiding spots. Larger or more aggressive fish may uproot or disturb the plant, but in peaceful aquariums, it thrives without much interference. Keep in mind that if there is excessive water movement, the plant may be displaced, so ensure that the current is gentle enough for floating plants.
5. Common Challenges and Tips
- Overgrowth: Due to its rapid growth, Azolla caroliniana can sometimes become invasive in smaller aquariums, potentially covering the entire water surface. Regular thinning and trimming can keep this under control.
- Algae Growth: If the plant is left unchecked and nutrient levels are too high, algae may compete with Azolla caroliniana for resources. Regular water changes and controlling the light exposure can help prevent this.
- Water Movement: Strong water currents can displace Mosquito Fern. If your tank has a powerful filter, it may be necessary to adjust the water flow to prevent the plant from being pushed around the surface.
Conclusion
Azolla caroliniana (Mosquito Fern) is an ideal floating plant for aquarium enthusiasts looking to enhance their aquascape with a fast-growing, low-maintenance option. It is not only aesthetically appealing but also highly effective at improving water quality by absorbing excess nutrients and reducing algae growth. With the right care, this plant will flourish and make a significant contribution to the health of your aquarium.
