Description
Armored Bichir (Polypterus delhezi)
Introduction:
- The Armored Bichir (Polypterus delhezi), also known as the Saddled Bichir or Delhezi Bichir, is a striking and prehistoric-looking species native to the Congo River Basin in Central Africa. Known for its tough, armored scales and elongated body, this species is highly sought after by aquarists for its ancient lineage and unique appearance. As a hardy, bottom-dwelling predator, the Armored Bichir requires a specific aquarium setup but offers a rewarding experience for those interested in primitive fish.
1. Natural Habitat and Behavior
- Natural Habitat: The Armored Bichir inhabits slow-moving waters, marshes, and riverbeds in Central Africa. These waters are often murky and rich in plant life, providing plenty of cover for this nocturnal predator.
- Behavior: Bichirs are primarily nocturnal and predatory, preferring to explore the bottom of the tank during the night. They are relatively peaceful with similarly sized tank mates but can become aggressive toward smaller fish, viewing them as prey. Armored Bichirs are also known for their ability to breathe atmospheric air, allowing them to survive in lower-oxygen environments.
2. Aquarium Setup
- Tank Size: A minimum of 75 gallons is recommended for a single Armored Bichir, as they can grow up to 14 to 18 inches in length. A larger tank will provide them with ample swimming space and better water stability.
- Substrate and Décor: A soft, sandy substrate is ideal to mimic the natural riverbeds of their habitat. Armored Bichirs appreciate hiding spots, so incorporate rocks, caves, and driftwood to give them shelter. Ensure all decorations are stable and won’t shift, as these fish are active explorers.
- Water Conditions: The ideal water temperature for an Armored Bichir is between 75°F and 82°F, with a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. They prefer soft to moderately hard water. Regular water changes are important to maintain water quality, as Bichirs are sensitive to ammonia and nitrate build-up.
- Lighting: Armored Bichirs thrive in low to moderate lighting, as they are nocturnal. Floating plants can help to create shaded areas, reducing stress during daylight hours.
3. Diet and Feeding
- Carnivorous Diet: Armored Bichirs are carnivores, feeding primarily on live or frozen prey. Their diet should include a variety of foods such as shrimp, earthworms, and pieces of fish. They can also be fed sinking carnivore pellets and other meaty foods.
- Feeding Schedule: Feed them 2 to 3 times a week, preferably during the evening or at night, when they are most active. Monitor their food intake to avoid overfeeding, as Bichirs have a slower metabolism compared to other fish.
4. Compatibility with Other Fish
- Suitable Tank Mates: Armored Bichirs can be housed with other large, peaceful fish that won’t fit into their mouths. Ideal tank mates include larger cichlids, catfish, and other similarly sized Bichirs. Ensure that tank mates are semi-aggressive or peaceful and can tolerate the same water conditions.
- Incompatible Species: Avoid keeping them with small fish or invertebrates, as they will likely become prey. Additionally, avoid highly aggressive or fin-nipping species that could stress the Bichir or outcompete them for food.
5. Common Challenges and Tips
- Tank Security: Armored Bichirs are known escape artists, capable of leaping out of tanks if given the chance. Ensure that your aquarium has a tightly fitted lid to prevent them from escaping.
- Breathing Behavior: Since Bichirs can breathe atmospheric air, it’s important to provide easy access to the surface. However, ensure the water is well-oxygenated to keep them healthy.
- Growth and Feeding: Armored Bichirs have a slower growth rate compared to some other fish, so patience is required. Feeding them a varied diet rich in protein will help promote healthy growth over time.
Conclusion:
- The Armored Bichir (Polypterus delhezi) is a fascinating, hardy, and prehistoric fish that brings a unique aesthetic to any freshwater aquarium. With their distinct body armor, ancient appearance, and intriguing behaviors, they are a favorite among aquarists who enjoy keeping larger, more exotic species. As long as you provide proper tank conditions, a carnivorous diet, and a secure environment, these fish will thrive and make a fascinating addition to your tank.
